Updated May 2026

Residency-by-Investment

Five major programmes compared side by side — investment thresholds, processing times, family inclusion, EU access, tax implications. As of May 2026: Portugal's residential property route closed, Spain's programme shut entirely, Cyprus relaunched with revised thresholds.

🇦🇪

UAE Golden Visa

10-year renewable
AED 2M
Property route · ~$545K
  • Family included: spouse, children, parents
  • No minimum stay — keep visa abroad
  • Off-plan eligible if 50%+ paid
  • Mortgaged properties accepted (DLD valuation must hit AED 2M)
  • Renewable indefinitely while property held
  • No path to UAE citizenship
  • Not Schengen — Gulf access only
Discuss UAE Golden Visa →
🇬🇷

Greek Golden Visa

5-year renewable · EU
€250K – €800K
Three-zone framework
  • €800K Zone A: Athens, Thessaloniki, major islands (≥3,100 pop)
  • €400K Zone B: all other regions, min 120 sqm
  • €250K Zone C: heritage restoration / commercial→residential conversion
  • EU access: Schengen 90/180 days from day one
  • Family included — children to age 24, dependent parents
  • Zero stay requirement
  • Path to EU citizenship at 7 years
  • No short-term/Airbnb rental allowed
Read Greece market report →
🇨🇾

Cyprus PR

Permanent residence · EU
€300K
Property + €5K family addition
  • Permanent residence (not 5-year permit)
  • Schengen entry from 2026 (Cyprus acceded)
  • Family included — spouse + dependents
  • Property must be new from developer (residential)
  • Annual €30K secured income proof required
  • EU citizenship pathway at 5-7 years naturalization
  • Must visit Cyprus once every 2 years to maintain
  • €300K must be from outside Cyprus
Discuss Cyprus PR →
🇴🇲

Oman Investor Residency

5 or 10-year renewable
OMR 250K
~$650K · 10-year tier
  • OMR 100-150K (~$260-390K): 5-year renewable
  • OMR 250K+ (~$650K): 10-year renewable
  • Property must be in designated ITC (Al Mouj, Muscat Bay, etc.)
  • Family included — spouse, children, parents
  • Renewable indefinitely while property held
  • Gulf mobility, GCC business access
  • No Schengen access
  • Citizenship requires 15-yr residency + renunciation
Read Oman market report →
🇵🇹

Portugal D7 / Golden Visa

EU · property route closed
€500K+
Funds / capital only — no property
  • Residential property route closed Oct 2023
  • Investment funds route still open at €500K
  • D7 (passive income) visa requires actual residence
  • D7 minimum income: ~€820/month per applicant
  • EU access · path to citizenship at 5 years
  • Existing Portugal Golden Visa holders unaffected
  • Property as residency route — closed
Discuss alternatives →
🇪🇸

Spain Golden Visa

Programme closed 2025
€500K
Was — closed April 2025
  • Programme terminated April 2025
  • Existing holders' permits remain valid until expiry
  • No new applications accepted
  • Non-lucrative visa still available (residence required)
  • Spain favors actual relocation over investment-only routes
Discuss alternatives →
Side by side

Quick comparison

Five active programmes (Spain shown as reference for those who held it). Pick the one that matches your priorities: lowest threshold, EU access, family inclusion, or zero stay.

Programme Min investment Permit type Family Stay req'd Schengen Citizenship
🇦🇪 UAE Golden Visa AED 2M (~$545K) 10-yr renewable Yes None No No path
🇬🇷 Greek Golden Visa €250K – €800K 5-yr renewable Yes (to age 24) None Yes 7 years
🇨🇾 Cyprus PR €300K Permanent Yes 1 visit / 2 yr Yes (2026+) 5-7 years
🇴🇲 Oman Investor OMR 100K – 250K 5 or 10-yr Yes Flexible No 15-yr path
🇵🇹 Portugal Golden Visa Funds €500K 5-yr Yes 7 days/yr Yes 5 years
🇪🇸 Spain (CLOSED 2025) €500K
Common questions

Programme FAQ

Which programme is right for me?
Depends on what you want. EU access: Greece, Cyprus. Lowest threshold: Greece Zone C at €250K (heritage/conversion route). Zero stay flexibility: Greece, UAE. Path to citizenship: Greece (7 yrs), Cyprus (5-7 yrs), Portugal (5 yrs but property route closed). Tax-free rental income: UAE, Oman (until 2028), Greece if Non-Dom. Lowest entry for full programme: Cyprus PR at €300K with permanent status.
Why did Portugal and Spain close?
Both governments cited domestic housing affordability concerns. Portugal closed the residential property route in October 2023 (capital/funds routes remain). Spain shut its programme entirely in April 2025. Greece kept its programme but tripled the threshold for prime locations from €250K to €800K in August 2024 — a similar mitigation that didn't require closure. Existing visa holders in all programmes were unaffected by the changes.
Can I combine programmes?
Yes — many investors hold multiple residency permits. UAE Golden Visa + Greek Golden Visa is the most common combination among ROYA clients (Gulf access + EU access). Cyprus + UAE is another popular pairing. There's no legal barrier to holding multiple residency permits, though tax residency status and reporting obligations need careful structuring with cross-border counsel.
What's the difference between residency and citizenship?
Residency lets you live legally in a country and (if EU) travel within Schengen. Citizenship gives you a passport and unconditional right of abode plus voting rights. None of the programmes above are citizenship-by-investment — they're residency, with citizenship typically available after 5-15 years of legal residency plus language/integration requirements. Maltese, Caribbean (St Kitts, Dominica, etc.), Vanuatu, and Turkey programmes offer faster citizenship — none through European real estate.
How long does the application take?
UAE Golden Visa: 4-6 weeks after property registration. Greek Golden Visa: 60-90 days from complete file. Cyprus PR: ~3-6 months. Oman investor residency: typically 1-2 months after property registration. All can usually be done with limited or no in-person presence, using power of attorney for routine steps. Roya International coordinates with vetted local counsel in each market.
What about UK residency through investment?
The UK closed its Tier 1 Investor Visa in February 2022. There is no current UK residency-by-investment programme. UK property purchase by foreign nationals is unrestricted but does not grant residency. Long-term routes to UK residence require employment, family relationship, or other qualifying status.
Will Greece raise its thresholds again?
Possibly. The Greek government has signaled openness to further reforms — particularly closing the €250K Zone C route or extending the 120 sqm minimum to it. Recent reforms (March 2024 → August 2024) introduced grace periods that allowed earlier-rate applications. Anyone considering Greece should expect future changes and plan accordingly. Roya monitors policy and notifies clients when actionable changes are announced.
What does Roya International actually do for my application?
We handle the full process end-to-end: (1) advisory call to determine which programme matches your goals, (2) curated property shortlist within the qualifying threshold, (3) introduction to vetted local lawyers, notaries, and tax advisors in your chosen market, (4) coordination of property purchase + reservation/SPA review, (5) Golden Visa / residency application submission and follow-up, (6) post-purchase support including rental management and resale advisory. We work on transparent fee schedules — no hidden commissions.

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